L'analyse du partage de la valeur ajoutée entre les facteurs de production permet de mieux comprendre l'évolution des inégalités ou de la consommation privée.... Lire la suite
Analysis of how the value added is shared between production factors provides insight into trends in inequalities and private consumption. The division reflects both relative changes in the volumes of capital and labour, and the relative trends in compensation per unit of capital and labour. "Distributable surplus" is a helpful concept for studying the division of value added; it is the share of r... Lire la suite
L'effet du cycle économique sur l'inflation (ou effet Phillips) est significatif : une croissance supérieure de 1 pt à son potentiel une année donnée engendre une hausse de l'inflation de 0,3 pt à partir de l'année suivante.... Lire la suite
The business cycle has a significant effect on inflation, known as the Phillips effect: growth 1 point higher than its potential in a given year increases next-year inflation by 0.3 point. The correlation between inflation and the economy's position in the business cycle weakened in the 1970s and 1980s, but does not appear to have declined further in the past 15 years.In the past few years, French... Lire la suite
Une hausse de la concentration des entreprises est observée aux États-Unis depuis 20 ans dans la plupart des secteurs d'activité.... Lire la suite
In most sectors, market concentration in the United States has been on the rise for the past two decades. Major companies have a larger market share than before, fuelling a renewed antitrust debate.This increase may be attributed to several phenomena, but it is difficult to disentangle their respective contributions. Reallocating production to highly productive and profitable companies (the so-cal... Lire la suite
Les lignes de swap bilatérales entre banques centrales sont des outils de protection contre un risque de liquidité en devises.... Lire la suite
Bilateral swap lines are ex-ante arrangements between central banks that provide protection from foreign currency liquidity risk. These lines are not subject to conditionality, and foreign central banks can draw on them under predefined terms. From an economic standpoint, the transaction can be likened to a foreign currency loan, backed by local currency collateral, with the borrower bearing the f... Lire la suite
Le secteur agricole et agro-alimentaire est l'une des principales forces du commerce extérieur français.... Lire la suite
The agricultural and agri-food sector is one of France's strongest export performers. Its trade surplus – €5.5bn in 2017 – is the third largest, on the heels of the aerospace and chemicals sectors. A large proportion of this surplus is attributable to a small number of products, beverages and cereals in particular.Since the beginning of the 2010s, this surplus has gradually declined. The increased... Lire la suite