Tresor-Economics

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 142 - Children, family policy and taxation: transfers from the welfare and tax redistribution system to families in 2014

Within Europe, France has an especially strong fertility rate with 2.01 children per woman against an average of 1.58 for the European Union as a whole in 2012. Women are also extremely active in the labour market, with a labour force participation rate of 83% of 25 to 54 year-olds in 2012 compared to the EU average of 79%. Although other factors are involved, these figures are often held up as vi... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 141 - Part-time work and work-sharing: a comparison between France and Germany

France and Germany post similar actual average annual working times of approximately 1,650 hours. This similarity, however, conceals a shorter average working time for full-time employees in France (about 200 fewer hours a year) and a higher proportion of part-time wage-earning jobs in Germany (26%) than in France (18%). In the past decade, both France and Germany recorded strong increases in the... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 140 - Why are post-crisis Spanish exports so dynamic?

Spain's export performance has improved sharply since 2009-in other words, its exports of goods and services have been more robust than expected relative to the development of the foreign demand.This strong performance is due to several factors including the sharp improvement in cost competitiveness, partly made possible by the wage moderation but also by the strong recovery in productivity that a... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 139 - What’s behind the United States' falling unemployment rate?

The rapid fall in the United States' unemployment rate has been accompanied by a decline in the labour force participation rate that has accelerated since the crisis. After peaking at 10.0% of the labour force at the end of 2009, the unemployment rate has fallen steadily, reaching 5.9% in September 2014. Lower unemployment stems primarily from brisk job creation; however, it occurred against the b... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 138 - What outlook for the French automobile industry?

French carmakers, along with the rest of the European automotive industry, had to cope with a sudden drop in demand triggered by the 2008 crisis. Several European countries, including France, introduced temporary measures, such as scrapping subsidies, to underpin demand and ease the industry's difficulties, thus giving carmakers more time to adapt to new conditions and cope with a crisis that was... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 137 - An economic perspective on dispute resolution in labour law

Seen from an economic perspective, it has been shown that labour market rigidities can adversely impact productivity by reducing companies' capacity to adapt to macroeconomic change. In addition, overly complex and restrictive labour laws can affect employment rates and foster labour market segmentation.In international comparisons, France is characterised by relatively powerful rigidities in the... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 136 - Argentina, the vultures and the debt

Argentina's 2001 default on its sovereign debt was one of the largest in financial history. Its impact on orderly debt restructuring practices persists, particularly as a result of the dispute pitting Argentina against its "holdout" creditors, also known as "vulture funds".The "NML Capital v. Argentina" case has entered its final phase, as the Argentine government filed a petition with the Supreme... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 135 - The world economy in summer 2014: rising uncertainty

The global economic situation remained weak and uneven in summer 2014. The recovery gathered pace in the Anglo-Saxon countries but has yet to materialize in the euro area and in Japan. Growth in the emerging countries, meanwhile, continued to slow down. While many factors still point to a continuing global recovery, some downside risks have intensified, notably concerning the scale of the emerging... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 134 - How do French unit labour costs compare to those of its euro area partners?

Before the "Great Recession" in 2008, unit labour costs (ULCs) showed contrasting trends in the euro area. While they recorded particularly strong growth in Spain and, to a lesser extent, Italy, they fell in Germany. France's unit labour cost growth was slightly higher than the euro area average as a result of marginally stronger wage growth.The recession narrowed the differentials in ULC growth s... Lire la suite

Miniature

Trésor-Economics No. 133 - Mapping out the options for a European minimum wage standard

Minimum wage standards in the European Union (EU) –  when they exist at all –  are highly heterogeneous, whether their levels are expressed in nominal terms or as a percentage of the median wage. Social partners and governments play different roles in the wage-setting process depending on countries, with varying rules and procedures for adjusting the minimum wage (frequency of adjustments and adju... Lire la suite