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Decarbonisation

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Forests and the Wood Sector: Key Pillars of the Green Transition and Economic Resilience

Rédigé par : Félix Bastit, Alice Grémillet, Etienne Pasteau

Forests and the wood sector are strategic assets that contribute to the resilience of the French economy and the green transition. They provide essential economic and environmental services, but are under pressure from climate change, the fragmentation of privately-owned forests and the lack of competitiveness in the processing industry. Public policies aim to strike a balance between ecosystem co... Lire la suite

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The Contribution of Cyclical Factors to Recent Changes in French Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Rédigé par : Lucile Pinochet, Jérémy Marquis

Since the mid-2000s, greenhouse gas emissions in France have been declining, against a backdrop of bold climate commitments. Annual changes in these figures are driven by structural shifts as well as cyclical fluctuations. This paper presents a new methodology for estimating the contribution of cyclical effects. These effects heightened the decline in emissions in 2023 and 2024, and contributed on... Lire la suite

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The Role of Carbon Credits in Financing Global Climate Goals

Rédigé par : Etienne Pasteau, Nicolas Krakovitch, Antoine Hébert

Carbon credits, instruments that raise private-sector funding for decarbonisation projects, are subject to regulatory initiatives to ensure their quality and limit the risk of greenwashing. Their use to foster climate cooperation among countries is under discussion: it is on the agenda at the COP30 summit, in the context of efforts to create an international carbon credit trading mechanism. Carbon... Lire la suite

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Carbon Pricing in Nordic Countries

Rédigé par : J. Grosjean, O. Cuny, C. Gianella, P. Reyl

Since the 1990s, Nordic countries have raised their carbon taxes and at times introduced double pricing (carbon tax and ETS allowances) with a view to achieving their national climate targets. Support measures (offsetting to preserve purchasing power, subsidies, tax exemptions) have also been implemented which have encouraged ambitious industrial solutions (low-carbon steel, bioenergy, electrifica... Lire la suite

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Mésange Vert, a New Model to Assess the Impact of Economic Shocks on France’s Carbon Emissions

Rédigé par : Pierre-Louis Girard

Net-zero transition and broader economic policy assessments aim to estimate how effective they are in achieving their economic and climate objectives. Ultimately, the aim is to compare the outcomes and minimise their costs. The new Mésange Vert module extends the scope of the Mésange macroeconometric model to include instructive and worthwhile macro-environmental policy assessment.... Lire la suite

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How Much Investment Is Required To Reach France’s Decarbonisation Targets For 2030?

Rédigé par : Logan Gourmand

The literature provides various estimates of the additional investment in low-carbon items required in France to achieve decarbonisation targets, ranging from an extra €55 billion to €130 billion per year by 2030 – a two to five percentage point increase in GDP annually. This paper, applying a harmonised approach to these results and using supplementary figures, estimates an additional investment... Lire la suite