<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><feed xml:lang="fr-fr" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><title type="text">Trésor-Info - Publications de la direction générale du Trésor - Gouvernance-mondiale</title><subtitle type="text">Flux de publication de la direction générale du Trésor - Gouvernance-mondiale</subtitle><id>FluxArticlesTag-Gouvernance-mondiale</id><rights type="text">Copyright 2026</rights><updated>2017-11-20T00:00:00+01:00</updated><logo>/favicon.png</logo><author><name>Direction générale du Trésor</name><uri>https://localhost/sitepublic/</uri><email>contact@dgtresor.gouv.fr</email></author><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Flux/Atom/Articles/Tags/Gouvernance-mondiale" /><entry><id>680bd1b8-cf7d-465f-83f9-7c7352dd62a4</id><title type="text">Trésor-Éco n° 210 - Mondialisation, croissance et inégalités : implications pour la politique économique</title><summary type="text">La mondialisation des échanges commerciaux s'est accélérée depuis 1980, avec des gains économiques substantiels au niveau mondial, mais inégalement répartis entre pays et au sein des pays. </summary><updated>2017-11-20T00:00:00+01:00</updated><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/2017/11/20/lettre-tresor-eco-n-210-mondialisation-croissance-et-inegalites-implications-pour-la-politique-economique" /><content type="html">&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;La mondialisation des &amp;eacute;changes commerciaux s'est acc&amp;eacute;l&amp;eacute;r&amp;eacute;e depuis 1980, avec des gains &amp;eacute;conomiques substantiels au niveau mondial, mais in&amp;eacute;galement r&amp;eacute;partis entre pays et au sein des pays. Certains pays &amp;eacute;mergents ont particuli&amp;egrave;rement b&amp;eacute;n&amp;eacute;fici&amp;eacute; de la mondialisation et ont combl&amp;eacute; une partie de leur &amp;eacute;cart de d&amp;eacute;veloppement avec les pays avanc&amp;eacute;s, r&amp;eacute;duisant les in&amp;eacute;galit&amp;eacute;s au niveau mondial.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Dans les pays avanc&amp;eacute;s, les hauts revenus semblent avoir davantage b&amp;eacute;n&amp;eacute;fici&amp;eacute; de l'ouverture que les classes moyennes-basses, ce qui a accru les in&amp;eacute;galit&amp;eacute;s. L'ouverture commerciale peut m&amp;ecirc;me faire des perdants, au moins de fa&amp;ccedil;on temporaire, en d&amp;eacute;truisant certains emplois expos&amp;eacute;s &amp;agrave; une forte concurrence &amp;eacute;trang&amp;egrave;re, tandis que d'autres emplois sont progressivement cr&amp;eacute;&amp;eacute;s dans d'autres secteurs.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Pour autant, le progr&amp;egrave;s technique semble &amp;ecirc;tre la cause pr&amp;eacute;pond&amp;eacute;rante de la hausse des in&amp;eacute;galit&amp;eacute;s au sein des pays avanc&amp;eacute;s. L'automatisation, qui a &amp;eacute;galement fortement contribu&amp;eacute; &amp;agrave; la croissance mondiale sur la p&amp;eacute;riode, a parall&amp;egrave;lement d&amp;eacute;truit de nombreux emplois d'un niveau de qualification faible ou interm&amp;eacute;diaire.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Il faut que nos &amp;eacute;conomies apprennent &amp;agrave; mieux accompagner les &amp;eacute;volutions commerciales et technologiques, sans renoncer aux gains qu'elles apportent. Cette analyse invite &amp;agrave; faire des recommandations de politiques &amp;eacute;conomiques, en particulier, au niveau national, pour l'am&amp;eacute;lioration de la formation de la main d'&amp;oelig;uvre et pour la mobilit&amp;eacute; du travail.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Y contribueraient aussi une mondialisation mieux r&amp;eacute;gul&amp;eacute;e et des conditions de concurrence internationale plus &amp;eacute;quitables. Au niveau europ&amp;eacute;en, la poursuite de l'int&amp;eacute;gration &amp;eacute;conomique devrait s'accompagner d'une plus grande convergence des standards sociaux, notamment gr&amp;acirc;ce &amp;agrave; l'&amp;eacute;tablissement de socles communs. Vis-&amp;agrave;-vis du reste du monde, il faut renforcer la coop&amp;eacute;ration multilat&amp;eacute;rale et chercher &amp;agrave; obtenir une plus grande r&amp;eacute;ciprocit&amp;eacute; de la part de partenaires commerciaux moins ouverts que l'Europe. Cette coop&amp;eacute;ration doit &amp;ecirc;tre accrue en particulier en mati&amp;egrave;re fiscale, pour &amp;eacute;viter la concurrence d&amp;eacute;loyale et pr&amp;eacute;server la possibilit&amp;eacute; pour chaque &amp;Eacute;tat de choisir l'intensit&amp;eacute; de redistribution correspondant &amp;agrave; ses pr&amp;eacute;f&amp;eacute;rences sociales.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Tr&amp;eacute;sor-&amp;Eacute;co 210" src="/Articles/680bd1b8-cf7d-465f-83f9-7c7352dd62a4/images/eb379398-d078-417d-9807-15c5ef6353be" alt="Tr&amp;eacute;sor-&amp;Eacute;co 210" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><thumbnail url="https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/680bd1b8-cf7d-465f-83f9-7c7352dd62a4/images/visuel" xmlns="media" /></entry><entry><id>d7d11754-3717-44b6-a00f-facb3ad902dc</id><title type="text">Trésor-Economics No. 210 - Globalisation, growth and inequality: implications for economic policy</title><summary type="text">Trade globalisation has accelerated since the early 1980s, generating substantial economic gains globally. However, these gains have not been distributed evenly either across or within countries. Some emerging countries have notably benefited from globalisation and have narrowed their development gap with developed countries, reducing inequality globally.In the developed countries, high-income groups seem to have benefited more than the middle-to-lower-income classes from trade openness, and this has contributed to the increase in within-country inequality. Trade openness can even create losers - at least in the short to medium run - by destroying some categories of jobs, while gradually adding other, more productive jobs in other sectors.Nevertheless, the main driver of the increase in inequality in the developed countries appears to be technological progress. Automation has also powerfully stimulated world growth during the period while destroying many low- or middle-skill jobs.Witho</summary><updated>2017-11-20T00:00:00+01:00</updated><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/2017/11/20/tresor-economics-no-210-globalisation-growth-and-inequality-implications-for-economic-policy" /><content type="html">&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Trade globalisation has accelerated since the early 1980s, generating substantial economic gains globally. However, these gains have not been distributed evenly either across or within countries. Some emerging countries have notably benefited from globalisation and have narrowed their development gap with developed countries, reducing inequality globally.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;In the developed countries, high-income groups seem to have benefited more than the middle-to-lower-income classes from trade openness, and this has contributed to the increase in within-country inequality. Trade openness can even create losers - at least in the short to medium run - by destroying some categories of jobs, while gradually adding other, more productive jobs in other sectors.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Nevertheless, the main driver of the increase in inequality in the developed countries appears to be technological progress. Automation has also powerfully stimulated world growth during the period while destroying many low- or middle-skill jobs.&lt;br /&gt;Without giving up gains from trade and technological progress, our economies must learn how to better cushion trade-related and technological changes. This analysis leads to formulating recommendations for economic policy, particularly at the national level, aimed at improving workforce training and job mobility.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A better regulated globalisation and fairer international competition would also contribute to this goal. At the level of the European Union (EU), further economic integration should go hand in hand with a greater convergence of social standards, notably through establishing social key principles and rights. In its relations with the rest of the world, the EU must strengthen multilateral cooperation and seek to obtain greater reciprocity from trade partners that are less open than the Union. Such cooperation should be increased most notably as regards taxation so as to avoid unfair competition while preserving the right of every State to choose the level of redistribution compatible with its social preferences.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Tr&amp;eacute;sor-Economics No. 210" src="/Articles/d7d11754-3717-44b6-a00f-facb3ad902dc/images/b5505b65-d8fb-4d94-9990-b2acb52bb33e" alt="Tr&amp;eacute;sor-Economics No. 210" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><thumbnail url="https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/d7d11754-3717-44b6-a00f-facb3ad902dc/images/visuel" xmlns="media" /></entry></feed>